Centrifugal Pump
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Centrifugal Pump Works, The Main Components And Installation Methods
1, Centrifugal pump Works 1 the working principle of centrifugal pump
Impeller installed inside the pump casing 2 and fastened in the shaft 3, the shaft from the
Motor Direct drive. Central has a liquid pump casing and suction pipe inhaling 4 5 connection. Liquid by
Bottom valve 6 and the suction tube into the pump. Pump casing liquid discharge outlet on the discharge pipe 8 and 9 connections.
Before starting the pump, the pump is transported shell filled with liquid; starts, starts, the impeller shaft driven by the high-speed rotation, the liquid between the blades must rotate with. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid was thrown from the center of the outer edge of the impeller and get energy from the impeller at high speed into the volute pump outer shell. In the spiral case, the fluid flow, gradually as the expansion slowed down in turn part of the kinetic energy into static pressure energy, the final discharge at higher pressure into the
Pipeline , Sent to the necessary places. The flow of liquid from the center of the outer edge of the impeller when the impeller center in the formation of a certain vacuum, due to the pressure tank above the liquid level is greater than the pressure at the entrance to the pump, the liquid will be pressed into the impeller in a row. Can be seen, as long as the constantly rotating impeller, the liquid will continue to be sucked and discharged.
2 gas tied to the phenomenon of
When the pump casing Memory With air, because air density is much smaller than the density of the liquid caused by a smaller centrifugal force. Thus, the tank liquid level above the entrance to the pump suction pressure difference is not enough to tank the fluid pressure into the pump, that is not self-priming centrifugal pump, so pump can not transport liquid, such a phenomenon is known as "gas tie phenomenon. "
Order to pump full of liquid, usually installed in the suction pipe along the bottom of the bottom filter valve, the bottom valve until the valve, the filter is to prevent solid material into the pump impeller damage or hinder the normal operation of the pump .
Second, the main components of centrifugal pump
Main parts are the impeller, the pump casing and shaft seal devices.
1 impeller The role of the impeller
original motivation directly to the fluid mechanical energy to increase the liquid static pressure energy and kinetic energy (mainly static pressure can increase).
Impeller generally 6 to 12 after the curved blade.
Impeller are open, half closed and closed-type of three.
Open impeller without cover both sides of the blade to create simple, easy to clean, suitable for transmission over a large number of suspensions containing materials, inefficient delivery of the liquid pressure is not high; semi-enclosed impeller in the intake of a side without cover, while the other side of cover, precipitation, or easily applicable to transport materials containing particles, and lower efficiency; closed impeller, the impeller blades on both sides of the front cover with high efficiency, suitable for conveying cleaning liquid without impurities. Multi-impeller centrifugal pumps in general for such.
Impeller has two single-suction and double suction suction fluid ways.
2 pump shell Role is to impeller enclosed in a certain space for the role by the impeller and the pressure of the fluid inhalation. Multi-spiral-shaped shell made of the pump, so called spiral. As the flow cross-sectional area gradually expanded to throw it around from the impeller speed liquid flow rate decreases, so that part of the kinetic energy is converted to static pressure can be effective. Together not only by the impeller pump casing throw the liquid, is also an energy conversion device.
3 seal device Role is to prevent the pump shell along the axis of liquid leakage or air leakage into the pump outside the containment.
Common seal installations Filler Two kinds of seals and mechanical seals.
Filler generally coated with a dipping oil or graphite asbestos rope. Mainly by mechanical seal is mounted on the shaft of the ring and fixed on the pump casing static ring relative motion between the end face for the purpose to achieve the seal.
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