Receiver Gps
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 Garmin Approach S1 Sports GPS Receiver New in Box $179.00 Time Remaining: 26d 2h 16m Buy It Now for only: $179.00 |
 PHAROS MICROSOFT GPS 360 RECEIVER LAPTOP NAVIGATION ADAPTOR W USB CABLE $10.49 (2 Bids) Time Remaining: 41m |
 Garmin StreetPilot 2610 Automotive GPS Receiver with Pelican 1450 Bundle $1.50 (2 Bids) Time Remaining: 44m Buy It Now for only: $190.00 |
 Garmin Forerunner 910XT Sports GPS Receiver $357.00 Time Remaining: 12d 2h 23m Buy It Now for only: $357.00 |
 TOUCHSCREEN INVION GPS RECEIVER MP3 PLAYER MOVIES 2GB WORKS GREAT 210 $25.87 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 44m |
 Garmin Forerunner 910XT Sports GPS Receiver WITH HEART RATE MONITOR NEW $370.00 Time Remaining: 28d 4h 51m Buy It Now for only: $370.00 |
 Magellan RoadMate 1200 Automotive GPS Receiver $25.00 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 44m |
 Garmin nvi 2595LMT Automotive GPS Receiver $209.99 Time Remaining: 57m |
 Garmin Forerunner 310XT with Heart Rate Monitor Sports GPS Receiver $240.00 Time Remaining: 26d 2h 16m Buy It Now for only: $240.00 |
 Garmin nuvi 465T Automotive GPS Receiver $143.50 (12 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 21m |
 NEW Garmin nuvi 1450T Automotive Portable GPS Receiver Lifetime Traffic $119.49 Time Remaining: 24d 16h 50m Buy It Now for only: $119.49 |
 Garmin GPSMAP 60CSx GPS Receiver $365.01 (41 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 32m |
 Garmin GPSMAP 441s GPS Receiver $290.00 (23 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 34m |
 Magellan RoadMate 1700 Automotive GPS Receiver $125.00 Time Remaining: 2d 5h 33m Buy It Now for only: $125.00 |
 MIO C320 Automotive GPS Receiver $24.95 Time Remaining: 1h 35m |
 Garmin nvi 2595LMT Automotive GPS Receiver $215.00 Time Remaining: 6d 13h 49m Buy It Now for only: $215.00 |
 Navman N40i Portable Navigation GPS Receiver NavPix Camera New in Box $65.00 Time Remaining: 1h 36m Buy It Now for only: $75.00 |
 TomTom EASE Black USA Automotive GPS Receiver $19.99 Time Remaining: 1h 39m |
 Garmin Forerunner 405 Black Sports GPS Receiver $129.99 Time Remaining: 6d 8h 44m Buy It Now for only: $129.99 |
 Garmin Nuvi 1100LM GPS Receiver $80.00 Time Remaining: 1h 41m Buy It Now for only: $90.00 |
 Garmin StreetPilot c330 Automotive GPS Receiver $23.74 Time Remaining: 1d 50m Buy It Now for only: $23.74 |
 TomTom XXL 530S US Canada Automotive GPS Receiver $45.00 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 1h 42m |
 Dual Electronics Universal Bluetooth GPS Receiver XGPS150A Cellphone Pad Tablet $100.00 (11 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 47m |
 Garmin nuvi 3760LMT Automotive GPS Receiver $178.00 Time Remaining: 26d 7h 33m Buy It Now for only: $178.00 |
 Garmin GPSMAP 76 GPS Receiver $75.00 (22 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 47m |
 Garmin Foretrex 301 GPS Receiver NEW IN SEALED PACKAGE $135.99 Time Remaining: 27d 6h 57m Buy It Now for only: $135.99 |
 Bluetooth GPS Receiver B Speech GPS2 for Smartphone Mobile Phone PDA $59.00 Time Remaining: 1h 48m Buy It Now for only: $85.00 |
 TomTom XL N14644 USA CANADA 310 Automotive GPS Receiver WIDESCREEN $29.99 Time Remaining: 1h 51m |
 Garmin nvi 40LM Automotive GPS Receiver UPC753759978921 BRAND NEW IN BOX $105.00 Time Remaining: 17d 4h 54m Buy It Now for only: $105.00 |
 Garmin GPSMAP 76 GPS Receiver $32.51 (5 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 51m |
 Garmin StreetPilot c330 Automotive GPS Receiver Needs to Stay Plugged In $28.74 Time Remaining: 18d 1h 45m Buy It Now for only: $28.74 |
 Garmin nuvi 465T Automotive GPS Receiver $150.00 Time Remaining: 1h 57m |
 Motorola MOTOACTV Sports GPS Receiver WRIST STRAP BIKE MOUNT BUNDLE $235.50 (14 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 57m |
 NEW OEM Wireless Bluetooth GPS Receiver for Android Mobile Cell Phones $40.00 Time Remaining: 27d 10h 49m Buy It Now for only: $40.00 |
 Garmin GPSMAP 376C GPS Chartplotter Receiver W New Battery and Accesories $355.00 (27 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 9m |
 Garmin Approach G5 Sports GPS Receiver NEW IN BOX $209.99 Time Remaining: 26d 2h 15m Buy It Now for only: $209.99 |
 Garmin GPSMAP 696 GPS Receiver $1,425.00 (2 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 9m |
 Garmin eTrex H GPS Receiver $78.41 (13 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 15m |
 NEW GARMIN NUVI 3450LM Automotive GPS Receiver ULTRASLIM FREE USPS PRIORITY $274.00 Time Remaining: 2d 14h 6m Buy It Now for only: $274.00 |
 Holux GPSlim236 Automotive GPS Receiver $5.02 (5 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 24m |
 Garmin eTrex Venture HC Handheld Hiking Camping GPS Receiver $79.95 Time Remaining: 28d 3h 1m Buy It Now for only: $79.95 |
 Garmin GPS 18X USB Automotive GPS Receiver $40.00 Time Remaining: 2h 27m |
 Garmin StreetPilot c340 Automotive GPS Receiver $19.95 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 2h 27m |
 GlobalSat BU 353 Waterproof USB GPS Receiver NEW $29.99 Time Remaining: 16d 5h 16m Buy It Now for only: $29.99 |
 Garmin nuvi 255WT Automotive GPS Receiver $21.50 (13 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 32m |
 Garmin nvi 2555LMT Automotive GPS Receiver $189.99 Time Remaining: 27d 14h 1m Buy It Now for only: $189.99 |
 Garmin Edge 305 Sports GPS Receiver $78.00 (10 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 39m |
 Garmin Nuvi 765T 43 Widescreen Automotive GPS Navigation Receiver $72.00 (19 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 41m |
 Garmin Forerunner 110 Black Sports Watch GPS Receiver BRAND NEW $142.95 Time Remaining: 3d 3h 36m Buy It Now for only: $142.95 |
 New Garmin eTrex Vista GPS Receiver FS15888 $41.09 (13 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 41m |
 Garmin Oregon 550 GPS Receiver $325.00 Time Remaining: 12d 2h 45m Buy It Now for only: $325.00 |
 Garmin StreetPilot c340 Automotive GPS Receiver $13.51 (3 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 42m |
 Garmin nuvi 1690 Automotive GPS Receiver Gray Bundle w Car Charger Mount $56.00 (4 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 45m |
 NEW Garmin NUVI 1300LM 43GPS Receiver Bundle w Lifetime Map Updates Case Mount $129.00 Time Remaining: 15d 7h 19m Buy It Now for only: $129.00 |
 43 Car GPS Navigation system 4gb TouchScreen MP3 MP4 FM+ new Map GPS Receiver $42.00 (16 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 46m |
 GlobalSat ND 100S USB GPS Receiver Black $30.48 Time Remaining: 7d 5h 43m Buy It Now for only: $30.48 |
 Garmin iQue M4 Automotive GPS Receiver $300.00 Time Remaining: 2h 47m |
 Garmin eTrex Legend GPS Receiver $60.00 Time Remaining: 2h 59m Buy It Now for only: $110.00 |
 Garmin StreetPilot c340 Automotive GPS Receiver Needs to Stay Plugged In $30.00 Time Remaining: 18d 1h 50m Buy It Now for only: $30.00 |
 Navigon 5100 max Automotive GPS Receiver FREE LIFETIME TRAFFIC MINT $49.99 Time Remaining: 3h 6m |
 Garmin Forerunner 310XT Sports GPS Receiver $244.00 Time Remaining: 18d 23h 50m Buy It Now for only: $244.00 |
 Garmin StreetPilot c330 Automotive GPS Receiver Very Good Condition $21.95 (6 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 8m |
 BRAND NEW UNOPENED MANUFACTURES BOX Garmin nuvi 1370T Automotive GPS Receiver $140.97 Time Remaining: 3h 9m Buy It Now for only: $155.99 |
 NEW GNS 5870 MFI GPS AVIATION IPAD IPHONE RECEIVER WAAS $81.00 Time Remaining: 13d 4h 18m Buy It Now for only: $81.00 |
 Garmin nuvi 1490T Automotive GPS Receiver $66.00 (7 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 11m |
 Dual GPS BT Receiver XGPS150 for IPAD IPHONE IPODetc $99.99 Time Remaining: 16d 18m Buy It Now for only: $99.99 |
 Motorola Motonav TN20 Automotive GPS Receiver $26.00 (7 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 18m |
 Motorola Motonav TN30 Automotive GPS Receiver $20.50 (5 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 21m |
 Brand New Garmin nuvi 1490LMT Automotive GPS Receiver Lifetime Map Traffic $154.99 Time Remaining: 28d 10h 35m Buy It Now for only: $154.99 |
 Garmin nvi 50LM Automotive GPS Receiver $80.00 Time Remaining: 3h 25m |
 Garmin nvi 40LM Automotive GPS Receiver $79.00 Time Remaining: 29d 11h 35m Buy It Now for only: $79.00 |
 Mio Moov R303 Automotive GPS Receiver Fast US Shipping $34.95 (2 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 27m |
 Mio Moov R403 Automotive GPS Receiver Fast US Shipping $36.95 Time Remaining: 3h 28m |
 Garmin GPSMAP 182C GPS Receiver Color Chartplotter $249.50 Time Remaining: 29d 12h 59m Buy It Now for only: $249.50 |
 Garmin GPS 12CX GPS Receiver $46.00 (3 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 34m |
 Garmin Forerunner 110 GPS Watch Red Stripe Heart Rate Monitor Sports Receiver $149.99 Time Remaining: 6h 22m Buy It Now for only: $149.99 |
 Garmin StreetPilot c340 Automotive GPS Receiver $79.00 Time Remaining: 3h 35m Buy It Now for only: $99.00 |
 Alpine Blackbird PMD B100 Automotive GPS Receiver $49.99 Time Remaining: 3h 38m |
 Garmin Forerunner 110 Pink with HR Monitor Womens GPS Receiver 010 00863 10 $177.99 Time Remaining: 11d 8h 28m Buy It Now for only: $177.99 |
 Garmin Forerunner 610 Black with Heart Rate Monitor Sports GPS Receiver $315.00 (8 Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 39m |
Network Time Synchronization Through GPS Time Servers
Copyright (c) 2007 Galleon Systems
This article explains how GPS Time server Systems achieves exact timing information to give a highly accurate timing reference for Network Computer time.
GPS System is a navigation system operated by the Military but also can be used by the civilian and does not need any subscription. The GPS System is known as an extremely accurate global positioning system. Each GPS satellite has an onboard a highly accurate atomic clock, ideal for supplying the correct time for computer network time synchronization.
GPS Time Servers: The GPS System exist of a constellation of 24 orbiting satellites, each has a precise atomic clock timing reference and covers the entire globe. The exact time information can be continuously broadcast from each of the satellites. You can receive the broadcast timing information with a relatively low cost GPS antenna and receiver.
GPS time is transmitted as Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), which is similar to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). The UTC time is the same worldwide and does not vary regarding the time zone or daylight saving time. UTC is a very accurate atomic time standard sustained by atomic clocks located in national standards laboratories. UTC has consistent seconds distinct by the International Atomic Time (TAI) Institute.
GPS Radio Transmission: The GPS satellites broadcast information as very low-power radio frequency transmission. There are two designated frequency that are used, one for civilian use coded L1 and the Military use coded L2.The civilian L1 frequency is transmitted at 1575MHz. It can easiliy pass through plastic and glass but is blocked by metal and brick.
GPS Antenna Location: The precondition to receive transmission from as many satellites as possible is a good clear view to the sky. Ideally a roof mounted antenna is best with a full 360-degree view of the sky. Conversely, an antenna can be located on the side of the building with a 180-degree view of the sky if the horizon is not too obscured.
GPS Antenna Types: The GPS antenna is essentially a signal amplifier. The antenna improves the received GPS signals for transmission along a cable to a receiver for decoding. A Coax Cable is normally used to transfer signal information between the GPS antenna and receiver. These antennas can be provided in different shapes and sizes. The general antennas being pole-mounted are dome shaped antennas and small patch type antennas. The pole-mounting antenna screws onto the threaded pole for mounting. Whereas the patch type antenna is a small flat bottomed device ideal for mounting on a windowsill.
GPS Receivers: GPS Receivers decipher the GPS transmission received from the antenna into a useable format. NMEA is the most common protocol used by the GPS receiver. This protocol insists a number of sentences which provide a packet on information confirm of time, date and positioning information. The NMEA protocol quotes information indicating visible satellites and satellite location.
GPS time servers can use a specific GPS timing receiver. These timing receivers have additional functions to provide a highly accurate reference time. The timing receiver can also perform an automated survey and compare satellite atomic clocks to check for synchronicity. GPS time servers may also use an accurate pulse per second (PPS) output, which provides a highly accurate reference trigger for GPS timing, generated by the receiver.
GPS Antenna Installation: The gain of the antenna and the coax is important for the maximum cable distance that can be used by a GPS antenna and receiver. An antenna used with a GPS time server may have 35dB gain. RG58 coax has an attenuation of 0.64dB/m at 1575MHz. Therefore a cable length of 35/0.64=55m could be used. Higher quality coax has a much lower attentuation value allowing longer cable runs. Also GPS amplifiers and updown converters can be utilized to increase the cable length. Surge lightening arrestors are also recommended on externally mounted GPS antenna to protect expensive network equipment from potential damage by lighting strikes
About the Author
The author; Magdalena Sperber is a technical writer with a background in computer network timing. Magdalena provides a technical authoring service for NTP Server and GPS NTP time reference manufactures.